A Facial Expression Is Worth a Thousand Words

Key
1
a) True. We need to see the expression moving for at least 100 milliseconds.
b) True. The scientists showed participants pictures of humans with various different expressions. Among them were simple, emotional expressions, such as "happy" and "sad," but also more complex ones such as agreement, confusion, or surprise.
c) False. The frame used in the static conditions was the last frame of each dynamic sequence.
d) False. Comparisons of the performance in this scrambled condition to the original video sequence shows that the recognition rates were still higher in the original than in the scrambled version.
2
a) Emotions shown in the pictures and videos were both straightforward images of happy and sad people and also people expressing more complex emotions like showing they agree, are confused or surprised.
b) The computer animation industry aims to reproduce facial expressions as closely as possible to the way humans show and recognise emotions and the information gained from the research will help them to know how to do this.
3
a) signalize
b) degree
c) goal
4
a) If we only see a photograph, we are able to classify an expression much worse than when we see it move naturally.
b) Participants were shown pictures of humans with various different expressions by the scientists.
c) Dr Walraven stated that their results also had implications for the area of computer animation, since its goal was to create facial animations that were able to communicate realistically.